Project overview
This cross-sectional study evaluated PD-L1 expression in 50 cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) diagnosed at a tertiary care center between January 2023 and December 2024, aiming to explore its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. PD-L1 was assessed using immunohistochemistry and the Combined Positive Score (CPS), with 58% of cases testing PD-L1 positive (CPS ≥1). PD-L1 expression showed a significant association with higher tumor grade (Grade III), advanced tumor stage (T3/T4), perineural invasion, infiltrative tumor margins, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and elevated mitotic index—indicating that PD-L1 positivity aligns with more aggressive tumor biology. Interestingly, tumors with lower lymphocytic response were more likely to express PD-L1, suggesting immune evasion despite limited immune infiltration. No significant association was observed between PD-L1 expression and tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, or Ki-67 index. The findings reinforce the potential of PD-L1 as a biomarker for immunotherapy eligibility in TNBC
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