Choose a design for the question
An association, a causal explanation, an experience and a prediction are different research aims. Discuss which design can support the intended inference, what alternatives are practical and which limitations remain. Naming a familiar statistical test does not establish an appropriate research design.
Sampling and measurement
Clarify the unit of study, target population or source collection, inclusion criteria and recruitment or selection process. Identify how constructs are measured and whether instruments need permission, adaptation or validation. A sample-size justification must follow the objective and assumptions; it cannot be chosen only to produce a convenient number.
Plan analysis before collecting more data
Specify the primary questions, variables, missing-data approach and planned summaries. For qualitative work, describe the collection method, analytic approach, researcher role and documentation of interpretation. For mixed methods, explain when and how the strands will be integrated.
- A design decision record with reasons for each choice.
- A sampling and measurement checklist.
- An analysis outline tied to the objectives.
- Questions requiring approval or specialist input.
Review a methodology already written
Bring your protocol, actual data-collection record and draft methods section. We distinguish what was planned from what happened and help you describe deviations accurately. Limitations should be explained rather than concealed by changing the wording.
Scope, files and delivery
Start with a short project brief. We assess the work, discuss the expertise required and confirm the deliverables, fee, schedule and included revisions in writing. Share the current version and the instructions that govern it. Additional data, a new target journal or a substantially changed brief may require a revised scope. You review the proposed changes and retain responsibility for the research.